Teaching Active Learners

When I first saw this video, I did not have the same reaction as everyone else in the room who oohed and aahed and thought that it was so cool that these hip and happening kids are digital natives and learn in such different ways.  Out with the old way of learning (and teaching) and in with the new!  

I was horrified and wondered what was going to happen to the art of conversation and the whole notion of personal connections.  Are all these kids marshmallow eaters?  Do they really not need to memorize anything ever because the device at their fingertips will access it all for them whenever they need it?  What will they do with the information once they get it?  Do they know how to determine whether a source is credible or not?  And what exactly is wrong with actually knowing some things from memory?  Doesn't the knowledge that we have internalized allow us to make connections and make sense of things when new stuff comes along?

Remember Wall-E?  

I thought that movie was wonderful for its social commentary.  The humans in it  were fat blobs who blobbed around in blobby floating chairs with their faces glued to screens in front of them.  Food and drink magically appeared for them and they never had to interact with others in person because everything was done via the screen in front of their faces.  When they actually bumped into each other skin-to-skin they freaked out and didn't know what to do.

As an educator, I try not to be on the end of the pendulum as it makes its way to the top of the cycle.  When new things come along I want to find ways for them to add to what is already tried and tested, but I'm also not afraid to let go of things that don't work.  It is important to think of technology in education as a way to enhance learning, but I don't ever want it to take over and supplant human interaction and conversation.  

I truly believe that human beings are social beings and construct knowledge in social ways.  Some of this can and must take place in an online platform.  We are in the 21st Century after all!  But as educators, we have to continue to teach students how to share ideas face to face, how to argue a point in a respectful way, and how to honor each other for the valuable and unique people they are.  We cannot replace human interaction.

PISA test scores? Wait a minute!

I read the following on Diane Ravitch's blog: "Let others have the higher test scores. I prefer to bet on the creative, can-do spirit of the American people, on its character, persistence, ambition, hard work, and big dreams, none of which are ever measured or can be measured by standardized tests like PISA."  I respect Ms. Ravitch for her credentials.  For a long time she supported standardized testing, teacher accountability and school choice.  After serving as an assistant secretary at the U.S. Department of Education during the Bush administration and as a member of the National Assessment Governing Board that supervised national testing she had an epiphany about teaching, learning, and assessment.  She realized she had been wrong.

PISA is the Programme for International Student Assessment.  This year's test results are in, and American hair is on fire.  "Stagnant!" declared NPR and other news outlets.  

But is our position in the middle of the pack truly something to be alarmed about?  I don't think so, and here's why.

A test is a snapshot on any given moment on any given day.  A test like the PISA (try it for yourself here) only measures things that can be measured - questions that have a right and wrong answer.  A test like this cannot measure creativity, critical and innovative thinking, problem-solving abilities or people skills. 

It's little wonder that US scores rank behind those of Asian countries.  First of all, many of those countries simply do not include scores of all students. Special education students are not tested (and may not even be in the schools), neither are those who are not proficient in the testing language.  In the US, we test them all (special education students and students who do not have proficiency in English) and include all their scores, even if (in my opinion) is is not appropriate to do so.  To compare our scores as if they were apples-to-apples is a flawed comparison at best, and should push readers toward a careful analysis of the testing sample.  Secondly, the type of educational environment in Asian countries that produces the high test scores is one that is not likely to be embraced in the US.  Regimented learning, long school days, pressure from parents and stressed out students may be a stereotype, but it comes from recognizable and identifiable characteristics of the educational systems in those countries.

Think for a moment about the 21st Century skills that students need and that we hear so much about.  Employers are looking to hire people who have them, and teachers are being evaluated on how they teach them, but are they - CAN they - be assessed or measured on a test like the PISA?  Leadership, ethics, accountability, adaptability, personal productivity, personal responsibility, people skills, self-direction, and social responsibility all appear on the rubric I use when I observe teachers in their classrooms as their instructional coach.  You will notice that these skills are NOT content in and of themselves, yet they are critical components of success in life and success in employment.  These are "soft skills" and as far as I know, there is no standardized test for them.

Let's return to Diane Ravitch's thoughts about standardized tests in general, and the PISA test specifically: "We measure whether students can pick the right answer to a test question. But what we cannot measure matters more. The scores tell us nothing about students’ imagination, their drive, their ability to ask good questions, their insight, their inventiveness, their creativity. If we continue the policies of the Bush and Obama administrations in education, we will not only NOT get higher scores (the Asian nations are so much better at this than we are), but we will crush the very qualities that have given our nation its edge as a cultivator of new talent and new ideas for many years."

Click here to read Ms. Ravitch's entire post.